The Science
How peat works — the biological mechanisms behind therapeutic and cosmetic effects. 14 mechanisms documented with evidence.
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Targets: TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB
4 conditions 6 substances
Fulvic Acids Humic Acids Hymatomelanic Acids Magnesium
Anti-pruritic Effects
Targets: Itch mediators — histamine, substance P, nerve endings
4 conditions 1 substance
Fulvic Acids
Antimicrobial Effects
Targets: Bacterial cell membranes, microbial enzymes
4 conditions 7 substances
Fulvic Acids Humic Acids Phenolic Compounds Sphagnol
Antioxidant Effects
Targets: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation
4 conditions 4 substances
Fulvic Acids Humic Acids Phenolic Compounds Tannins
Astringent Effects
Targets: Surface proteins, sebaceous gland openings
2 conditions 2 substances
Phenolic Compounds Tannins
Chelation
Targets: Metal ions — Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺
1 condition 2 substances
Fulvic Acids Humic Acids
Hyaluronidase Inhibition
Targets: Hyaluronidase enzymes
2 conditions 1 substance
Humic Acids
Immunomodulatory Effects
Targets: T-cells, macrophages, complement system
3 conditions 1 substance
Humic Acids
Keratolytic Effects
Targets: Keratin protein in stratum corneum
3 conditions 3 substances
Humic Acids Organic Acids Sulfur Compounds
Moisturizing Effects
Targets: Stratum corneum, skin barrier lipids
3 conditions 2 substances
Polysaccharides Waxes and Lipids
pH Regulation
Targets: Skin acid mantle (pH 4.5–5.5)
2 conditions 1 substance
Organic Acids
Thermal Retention
Targets: Cutaneous blood vessels, muscle tissue, pain receptors
2 conditions 1 substance
Humin
Transdermal Mineral Delivery
Targets: Skin cells, subcutaneous tissue
2 conditions 4 substances
Fulvic Acids Iron Magnesium Ulmic Acids
Wound Healing Promotion
Targets: Fibroblasts, keratinocytes, extracellular matrix
1 condition 5 substances
Fulvic Acids Iron Polysaccharides Sphagnol